What is a Concussion?

A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head that can change the way your brain normally works. Concussions can also occur from a blow to the body that causes the head to move rapidly back and forth. Even a "ding," "getting your bell rung," or what might seem to be a mild bump or blow to the head can be serious.

There is no such thing as a minor brain injury.

How to Recognize a Possible Concussion?

To help recognize a concussion, you should watch for the following two things with an athlete:

  • A forceful bump, blow, or jolt to the head or body that results in rapid movement of the head. And,
  • Any change in the athlete’s behavior, thinking, or physical functioning.

“When in doubt, sit them out”

Symptoms Reported by Athlete

  • Headache or "pressure" in head
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Balance problems or dizziness
  • Double or blurry vision
  • Sensitivity to light
  • Sensitivity to noise
  • Feeling sluggish, hazy, foggy, or groggy
  • Concentration or memory problems
  • Confusion
  • Does not "feel right"
 

Signs Observed by Coaching Staff

  • Appears dazed or stunned
  • Is confused about assignment or position
  • Forgets sports plays
  • Is unsure of game, score, or opponent
  • Moves clumsily
  • Answers questions slowly
  • Loses consciousness (even briefly)
  • Shows behavior or personality changes
  • Can't recall events prior to hit or fall
  • Can't recall events after hit or fall

Action Plan

If you suspect that a player has a concussion, you should take the following steps:

  1. Remove athlete from play
  2. Ensure athlete is evaluated by an appropriate health care professional. Do not try to judge the seriousness of the injury yourself.
  3. Inform athlete's parents or guardians about the known or possible concussion and give them the fact sheet on concussion.
  4. Allow athlete to return to play only with permission from an appropriate health care professional.

It's better to miss one game than the whole season!

For more information and to order additional materials free of charge, visit: cdc.gov/ConcussionInYouthSports